Глагол «to be» в английском языке обозначает «быть, находиться», данный глагол спрягается (изменяется) по лицам, числам и временам. «To be» в английском никогда не опускается, он входит в именное сказуемое (действие, выполняемое субъектом) и стоит после подлежащего (субъекта). «To be» не требует вспомогательных глаголов для образования отрицательной и вопросительной форм предложения. Для образования отрицательной формы достаточно частицы «not» после него, а для вопросительной формы «to be» нужно поставить на первое место в предложении.
Present Simple
+ am/is/are: I am a student /He is at home /You are a kind person
- am not/isn’t/aren’t: I ‘m not a student /She isn’t free /We aren’t at work
? Am/Is/Are: Am I right? /Is it cold /Are they doctors?
Past Simple
+ was/were: I was a student /He was at home /You were a kind person
- wasn’t/weren’t: I wasn’t a student /She wasn’t free /We weren’t at work
? Was/Were: Was I right? /Was it cold? /Were they late?
Future Simple
+ will be: I will be there at 5/He ‘ll be free/You ‘ll be happy
- won’t be: I will not be ready/She won’t be at home/We won’t be lawyer
? Will + …+ be: Will you be ready?/Will he be here?/Will we be late?
Past Perfect
+ had been: I had been to Paris before /He had been there… /We ‘d been to Europe before you came.
- hadn’t been: I hadn’t been there… /She hadn’t been to Egypt before... /We hadn’t been with her
? Had + … + been: Had you been there before? /Had he been with you? /Had she been to Paris before...?
Present Perfect
+ Have/has been: I have been to Paris twice /He has been to India /We ‘ve been to Europe
- Haven’t/hasn’t been: I haven’t been there /She hasn’t been to Egypt /We haven’t been with her
? Have/Has… been: Have you ever been there? /Has he been with you? /Has she been to Paris?
Future Perfect
+ will have been: I ‘ll have been there by 5 /He ‘ll have been here… /We ‘ll have been with you…
- won’t have been: I won’t have been there by 1p.m /He won’t have been here… /You won’t have been with him…
? Will + … + have been: Will you have been there by 2p.m? /Will he have been here…? /Will we have been with her…?
